"
A Dream Within A Dream" is one of
Poe's most
beautiful and haunting creations. When compared with his dark and
despairing stories, the poem at first seems less typical of
Poe as it speaks of hopes and dreams rather than bereavement, insanity and pain. Although the darkest of Poe's poetry examines love lost and painful deaths, "
A Dream Within A Dream" deals with one man's loss of hope. The poem is a realisation of the
futility and effervescence of
mortal existence, and thus the fantasy of
dreams.
Though the discourse of the poem seems to reflect the despair of a man entering his final days, Poe actually wrote this poem as a young man of eighteen, reflecting upon his future for which he saw little hope:
Yet if hope has flown away
In a night, or in a day,
In a vision, or in none,
Is it therefore the less gone?
Here
Poe states that hope has left him, and left him helpless. He reminds the reader that no matter how
hope leaves, it is gone nonetheless.
Delving into the metaphysical, Poe gives the statement at the end of the first stanza, that:
All that we see or seem is
But a dream within a dream.
He questions not only his understanding of his own existence and purpose, but the entire world's existence and purpose. It is clear that he positions the reader to doubt that life is anything more than a meaningless dream within a dream. Clearly the poem signifies different things on different levels. This is the beauty of
Poe's poetry, that it is so open to
interpretation.
The tone of the second stanza alters significantly from the first, and Poe begins to use simple yet powerful imagery to illustrate the futility of life. He stands amid the roar / of a shore tormented shore that metaphorically represents his life, trying to clutch a handful of the golden sand as it sifts through his fingers. The golden sand is symbolic of many things. It could represent important people in his life that are leaving him one by one, or the precious moments of time that inevitably slip through his fingers, lost to the deep.
Indeed, Poe lost many of the women in his life through various diseases and troubles. Poe cries to God while he weeps in despair over his loss:
While I weep–while I weep!
O God! can I not grasp
Them with a tighter clasp?
O God! can I not save
One from the pitiless wave?
This powerful and
evoking language exhibits the despondent, despairing, almost manic mood of the poem. Poe employs the use of simple emotive words to invite the reader to experience his frame of mind. The reader experiences a feeling of
nostalgia, and an overwhelming sense of loss.
By using a fairly consistent rhyme scheme that has slight variations, Poe slows down the rhythm of the poem, allowing the tone to be properly heard by the reader. The artful rhyme pattern and the two extra lines in the second stanza both lend themselves to the sweeping, unfixed, escaping imagery that gives the poem its unique nature.
Happens to be one of my favourite poems from my favourite author of ALL time. Written for a Year 11 English assignment on a Romantic Era American poet/poem.